VECANTBOARD
The above valuation, however, holds good only on the
comparatively vacant board, where the pieces can make full use of
their mobility.
It is the mobility alone which decides the value
of a man, and positions often occur in which a Knight is more
valuable than a Rook or in which a Pawn might be preferable to a
Bishop and so on.
The reason is that sometimes the weaker manoccupies a commanding square while the stronger man is obstructedsomehow or other so that he cannot be made to work. Examples forpositions of this kind will be discussed in the Chapter oncombination.
Although it is impossible to indicate exactly the relative value
of the men in each position, experience enables a fair estimation
of their average strength. The Queen is about as strong as two
Rooks or as three minor pieces (Bishops or Knights). A minor
piece is about equivalent to three Pawns, and a Rook is
consequently equal to a minor piece and one to two Pawns.
The value of a Pawn is the hardest thing to grasp for the
beginner. A Pawn appears to be of so little use on account of his
limited mobility, that it seems hardly worth while to waste time
on saving a Pawn that is attacked, as so much greater things are
apparently at issue. What he overlooks is the latent value of the
Pawn which lies in the possibility of queening him later in the
game.
To realize the importance of the Pawn it is necessary to know
exactly under what conditions he CAN be queened. This knowledge
is all the more indispensable to the Chess player as the vast
majority of all games finally resolve themselves into Pawn
endings in which the advantage of one or more Pawns decides the
issue.
In most of these cases some pieces are on the board in addition
to the Pawns and sometimes it is only by their exchange that the
game can be won. The most elementary example is that shown in the
following Diagram.
+---------------------------------------+
8 | | | | | | | | |
|---------------------------------------|
7 | | | | | | | | |
|---------------------------------------|
6 | | | | | | | | |
|---------------------------------------|
5 | | | | | | | | |
|---------------------------------------|
4 | #Q | | | | ^P | | | |
|---------------------------------------|
3 | | #K | | | | | | |
|---------------------------------------|
2 | | | | | | | | |
|---------------------------------------|
1 | | | ^Q | | | | ^K | |
+---------------------------------------+
a b c d e f g h
DIAGRAM 14.
White is a Pawn ahead and it will be his object to Queen it. The
beginner, in his haste to advance the Pawn, will probably play P-
e5 at once and lose the Pawn, as Black can answer Q-d4 check with
simultaneous attack on the Pawn. The correct way to play for
White is (1) Q-d1+, K-a3 or b4; (2) Qxa4, Kxa4. Now that the
Queens are exchanged White need not any longer worry about any
interference with his plans to queen the Pawn except maneuvers of
the black King, which might still lead to the capture or the
blockade of the Pawn.
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